Artificial disc replacement is a modern and effective treatment for certain types of back pain, particularly those caused by disc degeneration. It is a highly innovative procedure that replaces the damaged or worn disc with a new artificial one. The development of artificial discs has involved a substantial amount of change, with more than 30 designs being crafted before their initial clinical use.
Not everyone is a suitable candidate for artificial disc replacement, so spine doctors follow specific criteria to determine who might benefit the most. Here’s what you need to know about how doctors decide if a patient is a good candidate for artificial discs.
Understanding Artificial Disc Replacement
Artificial disc replacement is also known as total disc replacement or total disc arthroplasty. It is a surgical procedure that addresses degenerative disc disease in the spine.
During the procedure, a damaged or deteriorated spinal disc is replaced with an artificial implant to restore function and mobility in the affected segment of the spine.
It is highly effective in relieving pain, maintaining motion in the spine, and improving the patient’s overall quality of life.
Criteria for Artificial Disc Replacement
Criteria for considering artificial disc replacement as a treatment option for spine conditions typically include the following factors:
1. Persistent Back Pain
Patients considered for artificial disc replacement usually suffer from chronic back pain that hasn’t improved with conservative treatments. These treatments might include physical therapy, medications, and injections. If these methods fail to provide lasting relief, artificial disc replacement might be considered.
2. Specific Disc Degeneration
Doctors look for disc degeneration in the lumbar (lower back) or cervical (neck) spine. Imaging tests like MRI or CT scans help identify the exact location and extent of the damage. The degeneration should be limited to one or two discs for the patient to be a good candidate.
3. Age and Health
Ideal candidates are generally between 18 and 60 years old. They should be in good overall health and not have other significant medical conditions that could complicate surgery or recovery. Conditions like severe osteoporosis or an active infection would disqualify someone from being a candidate.
4. Absence of Spinal Deformities
Patients with significant spinal deformities, such as scoliosis, or severe arthritis in the spine are usually not good candidates. These conditions can complicate the surgery and affect the outcome. A stable spine with normal alignment is preferred for artificial disc replacement.
5. No Previous Major Spinal Surgery
Having had a previous major spinal surgery, particularly a fusion surgery, can impact a patient’s suitability for artificial disc replacement. Fusion surgeries alter the spine’s structure, making it difficult to replace a disc effectively.
6. Neurological Symptoms
Patients with neurological symptoms like numbness, tingling, or weakness in the arms or legs may be candidates if these symptoms are directly related to the damaged disc. This is especially relevant for cervical disc replacements.
7. Realistic Expectations
Candidates should have realistic expectations about the surgery’s outcomes. While artificial disc replacement can significantly reduce pain and improve mobility, it may not completely eliminate all symptoms. A thorough discussion with the doctor helps ensure patients understand the potential benefits and limitations.
8. Patient Preference
Finally, patient preference and involvement in the decision-making process are critical. Candidates should actively participate in discussions with their spine surgeon to determine if artificial discs are the most suitable treatment option.
The Evaluation Process
When evaluating a patient for artificial disc replacement, doctors perform a comprehensive assessment. This includes:
- Medical History: Reviewing the patient’s medical history to understand their health profile, past treatments, and surgeries.
- Physical Examination: Conducting a physical exam to assess pain levels, range of motion, and neurological function.
- Imaging Tests: Ordering imaging tests like X-rays, MRIs, or CT scans to get detailed views of the spine and identify the affected discs.
- Diagnostic Injections: Sometimes, doctors use diagnostic injections to confirm that a particular disc is the source of the pain. This helps in making an accurate diagnosis.
This advanced procedure offers hope for many patients with chronic back pain due to disc degeneration. By carefully selecting candidates based on specific criteria, doctors can ensure the best possible outcomes. If you think you might benefit from this procedure, consult a specialist to see if you meet the criteria for artificial discs.
Artificial Disc Replacement in Colorado
The board-certified neurosurgeons at Front Range Spine and Neurosurgery are some of the most trusted names in artificial disc replacement. We use high-quality artificial discs to address symptoms of degenerative disc conditions. Come see us for a thorough assessment of your eligibility for this treatment.
To schedule an appointment, call our office today at (303) 790-1800 or use our request form. Front Range Spine and Neurosurgery has locations in Lone Tree, Parker, Colorado Springs, Aurora, and Castle Rock.
